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Journal section "Socio-economic research"

Main Theoretical Approaches to the Definition of the Category of “Labor Behavior”: Domestic and Foreign Research Experience

Popov A.V., Solov’eva T.S.

5 (12), 2017

Popov A.V., Solov’eva T.S. Main Theoretical Approaches to the Definition of the Category of “Labor Behavior”: Domestic and Foreign Research Experience. Social area, 2017, no. 5 (12). URL: http://socialarea-journal.ru/article/2436?_lang=en

Abstract   |   Authors   |   References
The relevance of the study of labor behavior is due to the increasing role of the human factor in production. In today’s world, the most in-demand characteristics of an employee are initiative, responsibility, discipline, honesty, integrity, diligence, ability to adapt, and out-of-the-box thinking. The extent to which people use their qualities and skills in the labor market, directly determines the success of development of a specific organization and country as a whole. Therefore, it is of particular importance to search for internal reserves that can motivate employees to perform their duties efficiently, manifest creative activity, and comply with labor and performance discipline. However, the analysis of scientific literature allows us to conclude that the research on work behavior is mostly fragmented, which results in the absence of holistic knowledge. The issues regarding theoretical and methodological foundations of the study of work behavior still remain under discussion. In this regard, the article considers current approaches to the definition of the category of “labor behavior” on the materials of domestic and foreign research. The authors consider theoretical premises for the study of labor behavior in the context of the appeal of the representatives of academic science and the business community to the social reserves of labor. A critical analysis of the conceptual grounds of interpretation of the concept of “labor behavior” based on the works of Russian scientists, allowed us to identify four key approaches (integrative, functional, process-based and motivation-based) and identify specific features of each of them. For a more comprehensive interpretation of the nature of labor behavior through a combination of process and motivational approaches we propose our own definition of this phenomenon as a set of actions and deeds that reflect attitude toward work and the level of realization of potential of an individual in the labor market. In conclusion, the authors discuss the features of the interpretations of the category of “labor behavior” in today’s foreign practice. It is clarified that unlike the domestic scientific literature, foreign sources consider labor behavior more often in the framework of a specific organization, rather than the labor market in general. In this case, the attention of scientists is focused on individual types of labor behavior depending on the purpose of the research

Keywords

labor potential, labor behavior, motivation, attitude toward labor