Malignant neoplasms remain one of the most dangerous threats to public health in the context of demographic ageing. The purpose of the study is to analyze the features characterizing morbidity and mortality from malignant neoplasms in the Vologda Oblast against the national background. The information framework of the research lies in statistics on Russia as a whole and its separate regions, as well as medical statistics on the Vologda Oblast. The analysis of the all-Russian situation establishes that during 2008–2016 in all federal districts and regions of the North-Western Federal district against the growing morbidity, the number of patients with malignant tumors increased. In the Vologda Oblast in this period, compared with other entities of the district, there was a minimum increase in the number of cancer patients (4%), and during 2008–2017 – the fourth largest value of the total absolute losses from malignant tumors (25,826 people). It was found that the share of neglected cases among patients with newly diagnosed cancer in oblast’s districts is significantly higher than in large cities. This fact once again confirms the inequality between urban and rural population of the region regarding the availability and quality of services from oncological centers. The author developed the methodology to divide municipal districts and cities of the oblast into five groups according to mortality, one-year mortality and share of neglected cases of malignant tumors. Based on data on the level of carcinogenic risk associated with the environment and the resulting grouping of territories, the need for more complete coverage of hygienic monitoring of districts with high mortality and malignant tumor morbidity is demonstrated. The final part of the article deals with initiatives to reduce the impact of controlled factors in mortality from malignant tumors on the population
Keywords
morbidity, mortality, regional studies, malignant neoplasms