The article describes the approach to the family as an institution performing an important function
for the country’s socio-economic development, the formation of human and social capital of the
younger generation in the process of parenting. The study’s novelty arises from the fact that social
capital is for the first time considered as the individual’s capital which is formed in the process of
parental labor. The authors summarize the existing points of view on the correlation of these types
of capital among themselves. As a result of the theoretical analysis the similarities and differences
of human and social type of the person’s capital are revealed. The similarities include the direction
of the use of the two capital types, the change in their value under the influence of certain factors,
renewability and the ability to accumulate. The differences between the human and social types
of capital are recorded in the sphere of their manifestation, forms of existence and measurement possibilities.
It is shown that family’s contribution in human capital formation of child’s personality is in
the process of implementation of its socializing functions, and the formation of child’s social capital
in the family takes place through the realization of its educational function and the function of social
control. The authors substantiate that the formation of human and social capital in the family occurs
due to investment in it. The structure of parents’ costs for the formation of child’s human capital includes
parents’ direct material and labor costs, and the costs for social capital include parents’ labor
and indirect material costs. The authors highlight the effects of various kinds of parents’ investments
in the children’s human and social capital which exist at the level of the family, labor organization
and society as a whole. It is proved that some effects obviously result from investments in human
capital and indirectly result from investments in social capital, and vice-versa
Keywords
human capital, social capital, formation of human capital, formation of social capital, institution of the family, parenting